Matlab Memory management

Oh it turns out that the matlab does not copy the data while passing it to the function if the function is not changing the values.
Which is big saving.
http://blogs.mathworks.com/loren/2006/05/10/memory-management-for-functions-and-variables/#1

Running Variance

Just in mid of the code wanted to find the Running Variance, just as habit typed and found not so good links.

1/N*[sum(i=1:N-1, Xi*Xi') + X*X'] – (1/N^2)*[ sum(i=1:(N-1), Xi) + X][ sum(i=1:(N-1), Xi) + X]‘

Matlab code for calculating the running Variance is as follow

%updating Mean

newMean = (newMean*(N-1) + X)/N;

sumOfSq = sumOfSq*(N-1)  + X*X';

covMat =  (1/N)*sumOfSQ - newMean*newMean'

Externally there are few links that are worth reading

• Accurately computing running variance
• From Google Answers, someone gave even the posted Java Code ; Simple and clear that could be easily read by any one knowing any programming language

Using Many Colors in the Matlab

While using the ‘plot’ function you end up using only small number of colors. I searched online to see if there are any solutions

One is given by http://blogs.mathworks.com/pick/2008/08/15/colors-for-your-multi-line-plots/

It discusses “varycolor” file. Which is very nice for generating many colors on the run.

However I found that for plotting of the poitns and data following is much distinguishable.

It is 72 element array.

clr = [ '.r';'.b'; '.g'; '.c';'.m'; '.y';...
        '*r';'*b'; '*g'; '*c';'*m'; '*y';...
        'xr';'xb'; 'xg'; 'xc';'xm'; 'xy';...
        '+r';'+b'; '+g'; '+c';'+m'; '+y';...
        'or';'ob'; 'og'; 'oc';'om'; 'oy';...
        'dr';'db'; 'dg'; 'dc';'dm'; 'dy';...
        'sr';'sb'; 'sg'; 'sc';'sm'; 'sy';...
        'pr';'pb'; 'pg'; 'pc';'pm'; 'py';...
        'hr';'hb'; 'hg'; 'hc';'hm'; 'hy';...
        'vr';'vb'; 'vg'; 'vc';'vm'; 'vy';...
        '>r';'>b'; '>g'; '>c';'>m'; '>y';...
        '.k';'xk'; '*k'; '+k';'ok'; 'dk';...
        ];

Matlab Efficient coding

The interpreter nature of Matlab keeps me always looking for coding it fast and efficient way, squeezing as much work as we can squeeze from single statement.

Searching for something about Matlab found following blog entry

http://omar-sabih.blogspot.com/2009/05/matlab-tryin-to-code-smarter.html

It’s much cleaner and better presented version is present at http://www.sajidmc.net/bn/2009/05/efficient-matlab-coding/

Although I also have my  Matlab page http://whatevericode.wordpress.com/matlab/ but it much less rigorous

SVMToolboxes

I have till now used 2 SVM toolboxes details about them are as follow.

1) SVM Tool Box for matlab

http://theoval.sys.uea.ac.uk/svm/toolbox/

Here we can use the precalculated kernels

NOTE: while compiling it is using the

mex smosvctrain.cpp InfCache.cpp LrrCache.cpp SmoTutor.cpp -lm

The -lm option does not exist atleast in the Matlab 7.0 mex function. So remove it.

While compiling LrrCache.cpp, the compiler is giving a stupid error about the ambiguous call to floor function at line 151. Just type cast it to (long double).

2) Gun’s SVM toolbox

http://www.isis.ecs.soton.ac.uk/resources/svminfo

NOTE:  Labels should be -1,1

stl Sort in C++; simple code for sorting the array of structures

Simple Code that shows how to use the C++ STL function sort()

<blockquote>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

struct Numb{
double num;
int pos1;

bool operator &lt;(const Numb &amp;n1){
return num &lt; n1.num;
};
};
////////////////////////////////
void main(void){

Numb numb[10];

for(int i=0; i &lt; 10; i++){
numb[i].num = rand();
numb[i].pos1 = i;
}
cout &lt;&lt; endl &lt;&lt; "---------" &lt;&lt;endl;
for(int i=0; i &lt; 10; i++){
cout &lt;&lt; " " &lt;&lt; "(" &lt;&lt; numb[i].pos1 &lt;&lt; ") " &lt;&lt; numb[i].num;
}
cout &lt;&lt; endl &lt;&lt; "---------" &lt;&lt;endl;

std::sort( numb, numb+10);
cout &lt;&lt; endl &lt;&lt; "---------" &lt;&lt;endl;
for(int i=0; i &lt; 10; i++){
cout &lt;&lt; " " &lt;&lt; "(" &lt;&lt; numb[i].pos1 &lt;&lt; ") " &lt;&lt; numb[i].num;
}

cout &lt;&lt; endl &lt;&lt; "---------" &lt;&lt;endl;

}

OpenCv; Small Code using Erode and Dilate

Small Code that reads pbm image, convert it into 1 channel image. Erodes it, dilates it and shows them

#include <float.h>

#include <limits.h>

#include <time.h>

#include <ctype.h>

#include <iostream>

#include "BlobResult.h"

#include "blob.h"

#ifdef _EiC

#define WIN32

#endif

using namespace std;

void main(void){

IplImage *inputImage = cvLoadImage( "0584.pbm", 1 );

IplImage *gray = cvCreateImage( cvSize(inputImage->width,inputImage->height), 8, 1 );

cvCvtColor( inputImage, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY );

IplImage*img = inputImage;

inputImage = gray;

::cvReleaseImage(&img);

cvNamedWindow( "orig", 1 );

cvShowImage( "orig", inputImage );

IplImage *outputImage;

IplImage *outputImage2;

outputImage = cvCreateImage( cvSize( inputImage->width, inputImage->height ), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 );

outputImage2 = cvCreateImage( cvSize( inputImage->width, inputImage->height ), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 );

cvErode(inputImage, outputImage, 0, 1);

cvNamedWindow( "erode", 1 );

cvShowImage( "erode", outputImage );

 

cvDilate(outputImage, outputImage2, 0, 2);

cvNamedWindow( "dilate", 1 );

cvShowImage( "dilate", outputImage2 );

cvReleaseImage(&outputImage);

cvReleaseImage(&outputImage2);

cvWaitKey();

 

return;

}>

converting simple STL list to circular list

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//converting simple STL list to circular list
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
list<int>::iterator nextIter(list<int>::iterator i, list<int>::iterator beg,  list<int>::iterator end){
i++;
if(i == end){i = beg;}
return i;
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
list<int>::iterator prevIter(list<int>::iterator i, list<int>::iterator beg,  list<int>::iterator end){
if(i == beg){i = end; i–;}
else{i–;}
return i;
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void printL(list<int> &L){
cout << endl;
list<int>::iterator i;
for(i=L.begin(); i != L.end(); ++i) cout << *i << ” “;
cout << endl;
}

Simple STL code in C++

Just a general simple program for the Standard Template Library (STL) List

#include <list>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
////////////////////////////////
class codeWord{
public:
double vl[3];
double minI;

codeWord(){
minI = 0;
vl[0]=vl[1]=vl[2] = 0;
};
};
////////////////////////////////
void printList(std::list<codeWord *> &ml){
cout <<endl;

codeWord *ptr;
for(std::list<codeWord *>::iterator list_iter = ml.begin(); list_iter != ml.end(); list_iter++)    {
ptr = *list_iter;
std::cout<<” ” << ptr->minI<<endl;
}

cout <<endl;

};
////////////////////////////////
void main(void){

std::list<codeWord *> mlist;
codeWord a;
codeWord b;

a.minI = 10;
b.minI = 5;

mlist.push_front(&a);
mlist.push_front(&b);

printList(mlist);

};

Writing PPM image file in C++

Following is the C++ code for writting the ppm image file

strtemp has file name,

fData is the pointer to the image data.

sprintf(strtemp,”%04d.ppm”,imageNo);
ofstream output(strtemp, ios::binary|ios::out);
if(!output){
cout << ” unable to open the output file “<< strtemp << endl;
}
else{
output << “P6″<< endl <<”# foreground “<<endl;
output << itoa(IWidth, strtemp, 10);
output << ” “;
output << itoa(IHeight, strtemp, 10);
output << endl;
output << itoa(255, strtemp, 10) << endl;
output.write( (char *)fData, IHeight*IWidth*3);
output.close();

};//end of else